Nutritional Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Milk from Different Goat Breeds in Padang City, Indonesia

Goat milk is known to have high nutritional value, but its quality can
vary depending on factors such as goat breed, rearing environment, and milking
method. This study aimed to compare the quality of goat milk from different
breeds reared at Elfitra Farm, Padang City, focusing on chemical and
microbiological characteristics and antioxidant activity. The study involved five
breeds of goats, A (Angola+Nubian), B (Angola+PE), C (Angola+Saanen+PE), D
(Saanen+PE) and E (Peranakan Ettawa) that have been cultivated at the farm.
Milk samples were collected from each goat breed and analyzed using standard
methods to determine chemical composition, such as moisture content, protein
content, fat, and ash content. In addition, microbiological tests related to total
lactic acid bacteria and total plate count are indicators of milk hygiene quality.
The antioxidant activity of milk was also measured using the DPPH method to
determine the ability of milk to counteract free radicals. The results showed
significant differences between the three goat breeds in terms of chemical
composition and antioxidant content. Etawa goats had higher protein content
than the other breeds, while Saanen goats showed better antioxidant activity. In
terms of microbiology, Boer goat milk tended to have lower microbial
contamination than the other two breeds, indicating better hygiene quality. This
study is expected to provide vital information for farmers and goat milk
processing industries in Indonesia to improve the quality and safety of goat milk
products that are beneficial to health.